Yamada Midori Lab.
Department of Architecture, Waseda University
自然素材の活用のための構法と生産
Construction methods and production for the use of natural materials
土 / 植物材料
Earth / Plant materials
循環型建築の実現に向けて，各地で 入手可能な自然素材を，循環可能なかたちで活用する構法と生産について検討する.
The study focuses on construction methods and production methods that utilise natural materials available in each region in a recyclable way, with a view to realising a circular building system.
環境に配慮したこれからの
土建築のあり方に関する研究
Research on the future of environmentally friendly earthen architecture.
土は地球上に豊富に存在し、様々な状態・形状で建築に施すことができ、世界各地において多様な方法で用いられている。環境負荷低減、室内環境の向上、美観や文化的価値の付与、さらに発展途上国では住宅供給や貧困問題の解決など、様々な視点において土を建築材料として利用する価値がある。その一方で、重労働で施工に時間を要し、天然素材ゆえに品質のばらつきが大きいなど、現代の建築に採用する際の課題も多い。近年ではこうした課題を解決を意図し、各地で研究・実践が行われているが、土のもつ資源循環性などの利点が損なわれるケースも少なくない。
本研究は、現代の建築に土を採用する上で、環境に配慮したこれからの土建築のあり方について論じることを目的とする。
Earth is abundant on the planet, can be applied to architecture in various states and forms, and is used in a variety of ways in all parts of the world. There is value in using earth as a building material from a variety of perspectives, such as reducing environmental impact, improving indoor environments, adding aesthetic and cultural value, and, in developing countries, providing housing and solving poverty issues. On the other hand, there are many challenges in using it in modern construction, such as the fact that it is hard work, takes a long time to construct and, because it is a natural material, there is a large variation in quality. In recent years, research and practice has been carried out in many areas with the intention of solving these problems, but in many cases the advantages of earth, such as its resource-recycling properties, have been lost.
The aim of this study is to discuss the future of environmentally friendly earthen architecture in the adoption of earth in contemporary architecture.
土ブロック取付構法
に関する研究
Construction Method for Mounting Earthen Blocks
土は地球上のどこにでも存在し枯渇の心配の少ない資源である．乾燥固化しただけの土の資源循環性や吸放湿性能は今後の建築に活用できる利点といえる．日本では主として土を塗り重ねた小舞土壁構法が用いられてきたが，工期やコスト面での制約が多い．海外では版築や日干しレンガなど，幅広い使用方法が存在しているが，組積構法が多く，地震多発地域である日本には馴染まないものも多い．一方，ブロック状にユニット化された土を用いることで，難易度の高い技術や工期・コスト面の制約から解放できる可能性がある．
本研究は，ブロック状の土を現場で容易に取り付けることのでき，構造安全性を確保できる構法を開発する．考案した構法のディテールが構造安全性に及ぼす影響を検討する．
Earth is a resource that exists everywhere on the earth, and there is little concern about its depletion. The resource recycling and moisture absorption/desorption properties of earth, which is only dried and solidified, are advantages that can be utilized in future construction. In Japan, the mud-bamboo wall construction method, which consists of layers of earth, has been mainly used, but it has many limitations in terms of construction period and cost. In other countries, a wide range of using earthen materials, such as rammed earth and sun-dried bricks, but many of them are assembled and are not suitable for Japan, which is an earthquake-prone region. On the other hand, the use of block-shaped earth units has the potential to free us from difficult techniques and constraints in terms of construction period and cost.
In this study, we develop a construction method that can be easily installed in building and ensures structural safety. The effect of the details of the proposed method on the structural safety will be investigated.
ヨシや竹を用いた建築に関する研究
Building with reeds or bamboo